Asunto(s)
Electrocardiografía , Esfuerzo Físico/fisiología , Deportes/fisiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Prueba de Esfuerzo , Humanos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The influence of respiratory viruses (adenovirus, influenza virus) on humoral immune response to heterologous T-dependent and T-independent antigens was studied. It was shown that inoculation of mice by the influenza virus (A/PR8/34-A/PR/8) 3 days before sheep red blood cells administration led to the inhibition of antibody forming cell (AFC) and immunoglobulin, forming cell (IFC) increase on 69% and 59% respectively. Adenovirus type 6 induced the similar suppression of AFC and IFC formation. Thus, viruses induced immuno-suppression, which was polyclonal. It was also shown that virus of one strain (type) could inhibit immune response to another strain (type) of virus. The immune response to T-independent antigen was not suppressed. The virus-induced immunosuppression was dependent on: 1) the infectivity of respiratory viruses, 2) the route of virus and heterologous antigen injection, and 3) the interval between the viruses and antigen inoculation.
Asunto(s)
Adenoviridae/inmunología , Formación de Anticuerpos , Terapia de Inmunosupresión , Virus de la Influenza A/inmunología , Animales , Anticuerpos Antivirales/análisis , Antígenos Virales/inmunología , Femenino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB CRESUMEN
The influence of unilateral nephrectomy on the degree of humoral immune response to T-independent (polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP) and T-dependent (sheep red blood cells, SRBC) antigens was studied. The increase in the number in antibody-forming cells (AFC) and nonspecific immunoglobulin-forming cells (nIFC) was investigated by means of the adaptive transfer model. The lethally irradiated recipients were injected with the antigen and also the spleen cells of operated and intact donors. PVP did not induce significant alterations of antibody genesis in mice receiving spleen cells of unilaterally nephrectomized animals comparing with recipients of intact spleen cells. At the same time, the kidney operation induced the increase in the number of AFC and nIFC when the SRBC were used. Hence the activation of humoral immune response induced by kidney operation was related not to the direct activation of B-lymphocytes but to T-cells. The possible causes of this activation were analyzed. Spleen cells of operated animals enhance both specific and antigen-dependent nonspecific immune response.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos/análisis , Antígenos T-Independientes/inmunología , Riñón/inmunología , Animales , Formación de Anticuerpos/efectos de los fármacos , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Inmunidad Innata/efectos de los fármacos , Inmunización Pasiva , Riñón/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Endogámicos CBA , Nefrectomía , Povidona/inmunología , Bazo/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Immunization of irradiated and syngeneic splenocyte-treated CBA mice with bovine red blood cells stimulated the formation of both antigen-producing cells (APC) and antigen-dependent nonspecific immunoglobulin-producing cells (NIGPC). The injection of G0-cell-enriched, instead of normal, splenocytes (together with bovine RBC) to irradiated mice reduced by half the production of antigen-dependent NIGPC. Thus, it is evident, that some of them are formed from preexisting blast cells (G1). An additional removal of antigen-binding cells (ABC) from G0 lymphocyte population produced a still greater reduction in NIGPC formation (the increment was 92.3% lower than in the control). It is concluded that antigen-dependent NIGPC are formed both due to specific antigen-stimulation of G0 cells aid to nonspecific stimulation of blast cells with factors produced by antigen-stimulated T-cells.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos/inmunología , Inmunoglobulinas/inmunología , Interfase , Linfocitos/inmunología , Bazo/citología , Animales , Femenino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos CBA , Bazo/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The dependence of the production of antibody-forming cells (AFC) and non-specific immunoglobulin-forming cells (nIFC) on the doses of T-dependent (sheep red blood cells, SRBC) and T-independent (polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP and pneumococcal polysaccharide SSS III) antigens was investigated. The immunization of BALB/c mice with immunogenic or subimmunogenic doses of SRBC and PVP induced a marked increase in the number of antigen-dependent nIFC. In contrast, the injection of any SSS III doses did not influence the amount of nIFC, although a specific immune response to SSS III was quite obvious. Thus, two T-independent antigens, type II, differ in their ability to induce non-specific immune reactions. The experiments on simultaneous administration of monoclonal anti-Thy-1.2 antibodies and PVP or SSS III to mice have demonstrated that these differences were not related to T-suppressor activity. The possible role of T helpers in the immune response to T-independent antigens is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Células Productoras de Anticuerpos/inmunología , Antígenos/inmunología , Inmunoglobulinas/biosíntesis , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Animales , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Inmunización , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/inmunología , Povidona/inmunología , Ovinos/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Immunization of BALB/c and C3H/A mice with T-independent antigens (Vi-antigen of Salmonella typhi and polyvinyl pyrrolidone PVP350) induces the appearance of both antibody-forming cells (AFC) and a sharp increase in the number of cells forming nonspecific immunoglobulins (nIFC). This effect is not related to mitogenic properties of the antigens. The number of nIFC formed after simultaneous injection of both T-independent antigens does not differ from that of nIFC formed during immunization with each of these antigens alone. Thus, there was no summation of nIFC number after injection of two T-dependent or one T-dependent and one T-independent antigens. The mechanisms of nIFC formation under the influence of T-dependent and T-independent antigens are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Células Productoras de Anticuerpos , Antígenos Bacterianos/inmunología , Inmunización , Inmunoglobulinas/biosíntesis , Polisacáridos Bacterianos , Povidona/inmunología , Animales , Femenino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Endogámicos C3HRESUMEN
The role of antigen-binding cells in the formation of antigen-dependent nonspecific immunoglobulin producers in the Mishell-Dutton system was investigated. It was shown that the main part of antigen-dependent nonspecific immunoglobulin producers arise from the cells bearing antigen-specific receptors (as well as antibody producers). The nature of antigen-specific receptors of the precursors of antibody-forming and antigen-dependent nonspecific immunoglobulin-forming cells is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Células Productoras de Anticuerpos/inmunología , Antígenos/inmunología , Inmunoglobulinas/biosíntesis , Animales , Femenino , Técnicas In Vitro , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Receptores de Antígenos/inmunología , Bazo/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Mice injected with syngeneic cellulose-conjugated immunoglobulins (Ig) containing antibodies to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) develop a specific non-responsiveness to SRBC. Such animals demonstrate a sharp decrease not only in the formation of anti-SRBC antibody producers but also of the cells secreting antigen-dependent nonspecific Ig. The inhibition of both these processes is antigen-specific. It is suggested that inhibition of the cells forming antigen-dependent nonspecific Ig is due to suppression of either hypothetic inductors or precursors of these cells expressing an idiotype spectrum similar to that of anti-SRBC antibody producers.
Asunto(s)
Células Productoras de Anticuerpos/inmunología , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Inmunoglobulinas/inmunología , Animales , Antígenos/inmunología , RatonesRESUMEN
BALB/c mice were immunized with sheep red blood cells (T-dependent antigen) or with Vi-antigen Salmonella typhi (T-independent antigen). The kinetics of the development of antibody-forming and nonspecific immunoglobulin-forming cells (AFC and nIFC) was examined. It was shown that both antigens induce an increase in the nIFC number. The time course of AFC and nIFC growth during the primary and secondary immune responses appeared to be similar. Simultaneous injection of both antigens resulted in the formation of nIFC in an amount which was equal to the total number of nIFC formed in response to the antigens injected alone. It is concluded that T-dependent and T-independent antigens induced the differentiation of varying populations of nIFC precursors.
Asunto(s)
Células Productoras de Anticuerpos , Antígenos/inmunología , Inmunoglobulinas/metabolismo , Animales , Antígenos Bacterianos/inmunología , Recuento de Células , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Femenino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Salmonella typhi/inmunología , Ovinos/inmunología , Linfocitos T/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The appearance of antibody- and nonspecific immunoglobulin-forming cells (AFC and nIFC) in spleen cell suspensions from normal mice and from those immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was studied. The cell suspensions were cultivated in the modified Mishell-Dutton system. The induction of the immune response in vitro resulted in a sharp increase of nIFC formation. Their amount reached 51 218 per 10(6) spleen cells, i. e exceeded the number fo AFC 25-172-fold. Much more was the increase in the absolute number of nIFC during cultivation in the presence of antigen of spleen cells from animals immunized with SRBC 3--4 days before experimentation. In this case, the maximum number of nIFC reached 165 000 per 10(6) spleen cells, i. e. 33% of the total number of B-cells. The kinetics of AFC and nIFC formation and regulatory mechanisms of the populations varied under different conditions. The nature and potential mechanisms of nIFC formation under the influence of the antigen are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Células Productoras de Anticuerpos , Antígenos/inmunología , Inmunoglobulinas/biosíntesis , Bazo/inmunología , Animales , Recuento de Células , Eritrocitos/inmunología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ovinos/inmunología , Bazo/citologíaAsunto(s)
Células Productoras de Anticuerpos/inmunología , Activación de Linfocitos , Bazo/inmunología , Animales , Células Productoras de Anticuerpos/efectos de los fármacos , Antígenos/administración & dosificación , Recuento de Células , Células Cultivadas , Colchicina/farmacología , Relación Dosis-Respuesta Inmunológica , Activación de Linfocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Mitomicinas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
An increase of the plaque-forming cells (PFC) and of the 3H-thymidine incorporation in the spleen cell cultures of immunized and nonimmunized C57BL/6 mice were studied in increase of the incubation temperature from 2 to 37 degrees C. An exponential rise of the PFC cells with the elevation of temperature and the presence of the "breaking" temperature, above which the rate of increase of the PFC cells displayed a sharp elevation, was demonstrated. The curves of intensification of the 3H-thymidine incorporation with the temperature elevation failed to follow the pattern of the PFC growth curve in a number of cases. Cultivation of immune cells at low temperatures led to the accumulation in the medium of some factors simulating the AFC formation.