RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Depression is common in Pakistan but no research on this subject has been reported from the North West Frontier Province (NWFP), host to numerous Afghan refugees. AIMS: To measure depressive symptoms and associated features in a population-based sample. METHOD: A Pushto translation of the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) was administered to 471 adults living in a village in one of the federally administered tribal areas. Respondents were also assessed with a life events checklist for social problems, a social support questionnaire and the Brief Disability Questionnaire. RESULTS: Sixty per cent (95/158) of women and 45% (140/313) of men scored 9 or more on the SRQ. High SRQ score was associated with few years of education, higher social problem score, less social support and greater disability. High social problem score was the strongest correlate. CONCLUSIONS: This population reports more depressive symptoms than other communities in Pakistan and this probably reflects the very high degree of social stress experienced in the NWFP, which has been affected by years of turmoilin neighbouring Afghanistan.
Asunto(s)
Trastorno Depresivo/psicología , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Afganistán/etnología , Trastorno Depresivo/epidemiología , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Masculino , Pakistán/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Refugiados , Factores SocioeconómicosAsunto(s)
Bronquios , Cuerpos Extraños/terapia , Laringe , Tráquea , Preescolar , Humanos , Lactante , MétodosAsunto(s)
Neoplasias Uterinas/patología , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Legrado , Femenino , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Persona de Mediana Edad , Miometrio/patología , Invasividad Neoplásica , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Riesgo , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/patología , Neoplasias Uterinas/terapiaRESUMEN
Three patients who received simultaneous radiation and chemotherapy are described. Increased tumor response and enhanced radiation reaction were observed. Simultaneous drug and radiation therapy may prove to be the treatment of choice for particular malignant tumors. More data concerning the magnitude of the toxic effects when 2 modalities are used in conjunction is needed. Dose adjustments will be required for each modality to allow for optimal damage to the tumor with minimal and acceptable adverse reaction in the normal tissue.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias/terapia , Adulto , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Neoplasias Óseas/terapia , Dactinomicina/uso terapéutico , Doxorrubicina/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Osteosarcoma/terapia , Radioterapia/efectos adversos , Rabdomiosarcoma/terapia , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/terapia , Vincristina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Nine cases of dysgerminoma are reported. Five patients developed recurrence of disease in either the pelvis or metastatic sites including the lung and brain. The metastatic disease was controlled by a radiation dose of 2,000 to 3,000 rads during three to four weeks in four of the patients. The excellent response of dysgerminoma to radiation warrants an optimistic prognosis and vigilant follow-up since metastatic disease can be controlled by moderate radiation doses.