RESUMEN
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD); including renal osteodystrophy, and biochemical changes reflecting mineral and hormonal abnormalities. CKD-MBD can lead to serious musculoskeletal manifestations with an impact on the functional status of patients. The objective is to find the frequency of the musculoskeletal manifestations in dialysis patients, to determine the impact on the functional ability of patients, and to detect the relation between parathyroid hormone (PTH) level and musculoskeletal manifestations. The sample size included 53 adult patients on hemodialysis (HD), three times weekly, divided into two groups as follows; (Group A) included 15 patients (10 males and 5 females) on HD for a year or <1 year and (Group B) included 38 patients (24 males and 14 females) on HD for >1 year. All patients were subjected to a full history and physical examination plus a comprehensive assessment of patient's disability was done with a health assessment questionnaire (HAQ)-disability index. The most common neurological manifestations are uremic polyneuropathy (43.4%) and carpal tunnel syndrome. Arthralgia is the most common musculoskeletal manifestation (83%).The most common radiological signs of SHPT is the subperiosteal resorption of the terminal phalanges (67.9%). The most common MSUS abnormalities are Achilles tendinopathy (67.9%). Osteoporosis is detected in 24.5% of patient. There are highly positive significant correlations between HAQ score and age, HD duration, serum PTH, T-score, and X-ray findings. Musculoskeletal system involvement remains a common problem which decreases the physical function of patients with ESRD.
Asunto(s)
Hiperparatiroidismo , Fallo Renal Crónico , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas , Hormona Paratiroidea/sangre , Diálisis Renal/efectos adversos , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperparatiroidismo/complicaciones , Hiperparatiroidismo/epidemiología , Hiperparatiroidismo/fisiopatología , Fallo Renal Crónico/complicaciones , Fallo Renal Crónico/epidemiología , Fallo Renal Crónico/fisiopatología , Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas/complicaciones , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiología , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas/fisiopatología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Diabetes is an increasingly common metabolic disorder with high comorbidity and societal and personal costs. Insulin replacement therapy is limited by a lack of oral bioavailability. Recent studies suggest vanadium has therapeutic potential. A newly synthesized complex between oxidovanadium (IV) and orotic acid (OAH3), [(OAH1)(VO)(NH3)2].3H2O, was characterized using spectroscopic and thermogravimetric techniques. In vivo potential was assessed in a streptozocin-induced rat model of diabetes. OAH3 acts as a bidentate ligand in the formation of the dark green, crystalline oxidovanadium (IV) complex in a square pyramidal configuration. Treatment with oxidovanadium (IV)-orotate in vivo significantly improved many biochemical parameters with minimal toxicity and restored pancreatic and hepatic histology. The results of the present work describe a safe, new compound for the treatment of diabetes.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacología , Ácido Orótico/farmacología , Vanadio/farmacología , Animales , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Insulina/metabolismo , Ligandos , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Páncreas/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Estreptozocina/farmacologíaRESUMEN
New binuclear chromium (III) niacinamide compound with chemical formula [Cr2(Nic)(Cl)6(H2O)4]·H2O was obtained upon the reaction of chromium (III) chloride with niacinamide (Nic) in methanol solvent at 60°C. The proposed structure was discussed with the help of microanalytical analyses, conductivity, spectroscopic (FT-IR and UV-vis.), magnetic calculations, thermogravimetric analyses (TG/TGA), and morphological studies (X-ray of solid powder and scan electron microscopy. The infrared spectrum of free niacinamide in comparison with its chromium (III) compound indicated that the chelation mode occurs via both nitrogen atoms of pyridine ring and primary -NH2 group. The efficiency of chromium (III) niacinamide compound in decreasing of glucose level of blood and HbA1c in case of diabetic rats was checked. The ameliorating gluconeogenic enzymes, lipid profile and antioxidant defense capacities are considered as an indicator of the efficiency of new chromium (III) compound as antidiabetic drug model.