RESUMEN
Introducción: La infección por el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y su evolución a través de cuatro décadas (crónica) ha orillado a médicos a estudiar el comportamiento de los linfocitos T CD4 con ayuda ramas como la estadística y matemáticas. Objetivo: Describir el comportamiento del conteo de linfocitos T CD4 en el tiempo a través del aprendizaje no supervisado. Métodos: Estudio tipo cohorte retrospectiva, se realizó una búsqueda de cuantificaciones de linfocitos T CD4 continuas a través del periodo de estudio establecido (2018-2022) en el expediente electrónico, en la presente investigación no se tuvo contacto con los pacientes. Resultados: Existe un ascenso en los valores numéricos promedio de linfocitos T CD4 a lo largo del estudio y se empieza a estabilizar entre los grupos hacia un recuento sobre los 500 linfocitos, lo cual refleja un estado inmunológico bueno a través del tiempo. Conclusión: Identificamos estabilidad en el seguimiento temporal, lo cual puede contribuir a un patrón de memoria por lo que sugerimos un análisis fractal extenso.
Introduction: Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its evolution over four decades (chronic) has led doctors to study the behavior of CD4 T lymphocytes with the help of branches such as statistics and mathematics. Objective: To describe the behavior of the CD4 T lymphocyte count over time through unsupervised learning. Methods: Retrospective cohort type study, a search for continuous CD4 T lymphocyte quantifications throughout the established study period (2018-2022) was performed in the electronic file, in the present investigation there was no contact with the patients. Results: There is an increase in the average numerical values of CD4 T lymphocytes throughout the study and it begins to stabilize between the groups towards a count of over 500 lymphocytes, which reflects a good immune status over time. Conclusion: We identified stability in temporal tracking, which may contribute to a memory pattern, so we suggest an extensive fractal analysis.
RESUMEN
Preeclampsia (PE) occurs annually in 8% of pregnancies. Patients without risk factors represent 10% of these. There are currently no first-trimester biochemical markers that accurately predict PE. An increase in serum 60- and 70-KDa extracellular heat shock proteins (eHsp) has been shown in patients who developed PE at 34 weeks. We sought to determine whether there is a relationship between first-trimester eHsp and the development of PE. This was a prospective cohort study performed at a third level hospital in Mexico City from 2019 to 2020. eHsp levels were measured during the first-trimester ultrasound in singleton pregnancies with no comorbidities. First-trimester eHsp levels and biochemical parameters of organ dysfunction were compared between patients who developed preeclampsia and those who did not. All statistical analyses and model of correlation (r) between eHsp and clinical parameter were performed using bootstrapping R-software. p-values <0.05 were considered significant. The final analysis included 41 patients. PE occurred in 11 cases. eHsp-60 and eHsp-70 were significantly higher at 12 weeks in patients who developed PE (p = 0.001), while eHsp-27 was significantly lower (p = 0.004). Significant differences in first-trimester eHsp concentration suggest that these are possible early biomarkers useful for the prediction of PE.