RESUMEN

Objetivou-se avaliar a suplementação de um complexo enzimático à base de xilanase, β-glucanase e fitase em rações para poedeiras comerciais leves em pico de produção de ovos sobre o desempenho e classificação dos ovos. Foram utilizadas 288 poedeiras, com idade inicial de 25 semanas, da linhagem Hy-Line W36, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições de 12 aves cada em quatro períodos de 21 dias. As rações experimentais foram formuladas à base de milho e farelo de soja: Ração CP - controle positivo (100% energia metabolizável recomendada, sem enzimas), Ração CN - controle negativo, constituído por reduções em 75 kcal de energia metabolizável/kg de MS; 0,12 pontos percentuais (pp) de Ca e de P disponível, Ração CN + 60 g/t de complexo enzimático e Ração CN + 100 g/t de complexo enzimático. O complexo enzimático foi à base de: xilanase = 12.000 u/g; β-glucanase = 2.500 u/g e fitase = 5.000 FTU/g. As variáveis avaliadas foram: produção média de ovos (% ovos/ave/dia), peso médio dos ovos (g), consumo médio de ração (g/ave/dia), conversão alimentar por massa de ovos (g/g) e classificação dos ovos de acordo com o peso. Não houve interação entre os tratamentos e os períodos de avaliação (P>0,05). É possível observar que a produção de ovos foi influenciada pelas reduções nutricionais das rações e a inclusão de 100 g/t do complexo enzimático possibilitou a recuperação na taxa de produção de ovos, igualando às poedeiras do tratamento controle positivo (P<0,01). O consumo de ração foi 1,5% maior (P<0,05) para as aves que receberam 100 g/t de complexo enzimático em comparação as poedeiras alimentadas com ração sem adição de complexo enzimático (CN) (98,66 vs 97,20 g/ave/dia). O peso dos ovos respondeu (P<0,01) as reduções nutricionais das rações, sendo mais leves no tratamento CN, mas com recuperação ao se adicionar 100 g/t de complexo enzimático (58,46 vs 59,29 g).(AU)

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the supplementation of an enzymatic complex based on xylanase, β-glucanase and phytase in light commercial egg laying feeds at peak egg production,performance and egg classification. A total of 288 laying hens of the Hy-Line W36 breed were used in a completely randomized design in split plot with four treatments and six replicates of 12 layer each in four periods of 21 days each. The experimental rations were formulated based on corn and soybean meal, consisting of four types of ration: CP ration - positive control (100% recommended metabolizable energy without enzymes), CN ration - negative control, reductions in 75 kcal of metabolizable energy, 0.12 percentual points (pp) of Ca and P available, CN Ration + 60 g/t Enzyme Complex and CN Ration + 100 g/t Enzyme Complex. The enzyme complex was composed by: xylanase = 12,000 u/g; beta-glucanase = 2500 u/g and phytase = 5000 u/g. The variables evaluated were: average egg production (egg%/layerday), mean egg weight (g), mean feed intake (g/layer/day), feed conversion per egg mass, and classification according to weight. There was no interaction between the treatments and the evaluation periods (P> 0.05). It is possible to observe that the egg production was influenced by the nutritional reductions of the rations and the inclusion of 100 g/t of the enzymatic complex made it possible to recover the egg production rate, matching the layers of the positive control treatment (P<0.01). Feed intake was higher (P<0.05) for birds receiving 100 g/t enzyme complex compared to hens fed with ration without addition of enzyme complex (negative control). The weight of the eggs responded (P<0.01) to the nutritional reductions of the rations, being lighter in the negative control treatment, but with recovery when adding 100 g/t enzyme complex.(AU)

Asunto(s)

Animales , Aditivos Alimentarios , Enzimas , Alimentación Animal , Pollos/fisiología , Huevos/análisis

RESUMEN

Objetivou-se avaliar a suplementação de um complexo enzimático à base de xilanase, β-glucanase e fitase em rações para poedeiras comerciais leves em pico de produção de ovos sobre o desempenho e classificação dos ovos. Foram utilizadas 288 poedeiras, com idade inicial de 25 semanas, da linhagem Hy-Line W36, distribuídas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições de 12 aves cada em quatro períodos de 21 dias. As rações experimentais foram formuladas à base de milho e farelo de soja: Ração CP - controle positivo (100% energia metabolizável recomendada, sem enzimas), Ração CN - controle negativo, constituído por reduções em 75 kcal de energia metabolizável/kg de MS; 0,12 pontos percentuais (pp) de Ca e de P disponível, Ração CN + 60 g/t de complexo enzimático e Ração CN + 100 g/t de complexo enzimático. O complexo enzimático foi à base de: xilanase = 12.000 u/g; β-glucanase = 2.500 u/g e fitase = 5.000 FTU/g. As variáveis avaliadas foram: produção média de ovos (% ovos/ave/dia), peso médio dos ovos (g), consumo médio de ração (g/ave/dia), conversão alimentar por massa de ovos (g/g) e classificação dos ovos de acordo com o peso. Não houve interação entre os tratamentos e os períodos de avaliação (P>0,05). É possível observar que a produção de ovos foi influenciada pelas reduções nutricionais das rações e a inclusão de 100 g/t do complexo enzimático possibilitou a recuperação na taxa de produção de ovos, igualando às poedeiras do tratamento controle positivo (P<0,01). O consumo de ração foi 1,5% maior (P<0,05) para as aves que receberam 100 g/t de complexo enzimático em comparação as poedeiras alimentadas com ração sem adição de complexo enzimático (CN) (98,66 vs 97,20 g/ave/dia). O peso dos ovos respondeu (P<0,01) as reduções nutricionais das rações, sendo mais leves no tratamento CN, mas com recuperação ao se adicionar 100 g/t de complexo enzimático (58,46 vs 59,29 g).

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the supplementation of an enzymatic complex based on xylanase, β-glucanase and phytase in light commercial egg laying feeds at peak egg production,performance and egg classification. A total of 288 laying hens of the Hy-Line W36 breed were used in a completely randomized design in split plot with four treatments and six replicates of 12 layer each in four periods of 21 days each. The experimental rations were formulated based on corn and soybean meal, consisting of four types of ration: CP ration - positive control (100% recommended metabolizable energy without enzymes), CN ration - negative control, reductions in 75 kcal of metabolizable energy, 0.12 percentual points (pp) of Ca and P available, CN Ration + 60 g/t Enzyme Complex and CN Ration + 100 g/t Enzyme Complex. The enzyme complex was composed by: xylanase = 12,000 u/g; beta-glucanase = 2500 u/g and phytase = 5000 u/g. The variables evaluated were: average egg production (egg%/layerday), mean egg weight (g), mean feed intake (g/layer/day), feed conversion per egg mass, and classification according to weight. There was no interaction between the treatments and the evaluation periods (P> 0.05). It is possible to observe that the egg production was influenced by the nutritional reductions of the rations and the inclusion of 100 g/t of the enzymatic complex made it possible to recover the egg production rate, matching the layers of the positive control treatment (P<0.01). Feed intake was higher (P<0.05) for birds receiving 100 g/t enzyme complex compared to hens fed with ration without addition of enzyme complex (negative control). The weight of the eggs responded (P<0.01) to the nutritional reductions of the rations, being lighter in the negative control treatment, but with recovery when adding 100 g/t enzyme complex.

Asunto(s)

Animales , Aditivos Alimentarios , Enzimas , Pollos/fisiología , Huevos/análisis , Alimentación Animal

Asunto(s)

Emigrantes e Inmigrantes , Hispánicos o Latinos , Humanos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Despite a rising incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Hispanics in the United States, there are no studies examining the relationship between immigrant generation and IBD onset among Hispanics. AIMS: To determine whether age of IBD diagnosis, time from immigration to IBD diagnosis and IBD phenotype, differed across immigration periods in South Florida Cuban immigrants. METHODS: This was a cohort of consecutively identified Cuban-born adults who developed IBD in the United States and were followed in gastroenterology (GI) clinic. We divided time cohorts of immigration by historical relevance: before 1980, 1980-1994 and 1995-to-present. We examined differences across time cohorts in diagnosis age, time from immigration to IBD diagnosis, and IBD phenotype (ie, IBD type, disease location). RESULTS: A total of 130 Cuban patients with IBD were included. Age of IBD diagnosis was older in Cubans arriving before 1980 than in those arriving between 1980-1994 or after 1995 (44.7 vs 33.79 and 33.71, respectively, P<.0001). Time between immigration and diagnosis was shorter in patients arriving to the US after 1980 (31.77 years, Standard deviation (SD) 12.83 (<1980) vs 17.13 years, SD 8.55 (1980-1994) and 8.30 years, SD 4.72 (1995-to-present). IBD phenotype, including type of IBD, disease location and surgeries, did not differ significantly across time cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Our study describes changing patterns of IBD onset following immigration in Cubans, suggesting that environmental changes either in the United States, Cuba or both are resulting in faster IBD onset in younger immigrant generations. These studies can inform the search for environmental triggers that may result in IBD.

Asunto(s)

Emigrantes e Inmigrantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Hispánicos o Latinos/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Cohortes , Cuba/etnología , Emigración e Inmigración , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

This study evaluated the responses of vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) neurons to alterations in hypothalamo-pituitary axis activity by adrenalectomy (ADX) or after restraint stress compared with basal conditions. Wistar male rats were perfuse-fixed by cardiac perfusion under anesthesia 3 h, 1, 3 and 14 days after ADX or Sham surgery. Coronal hypothalamic sections were used for evaluation of Fos, AVP and OT expression by immunohistochemistry. Under basal conditions and after stress, Fos-AVP double labeling showed no difference in the magnocellular subdivisions of the paraventricular nuclei (PVN) or in the supraoptic nuclei (SON), suggesting that the magnocellular AVP system is unlikely to contribute to ACTH secretion after restraint in both Sham and ADX rats. Fos-AVP double labeling in the parvocellular medial paraventricular nucleus (PaMP) in ADX groups was increased after 3 h in basal conditions, and in all periods after restraint stress. There were no differences between Sham and ADX groups in Fos-OT double labeling in any subdivision of the PVN; however, in the SON, the number of Fos-OT double labeled cells was increased at all time-points after stress in the ADX group. Fos expression was increased in the PaMP after 3 h and after restraint stress in the Sham and ADX groups, especially in the ADX group. In conclusion, Fos expression in different cell populations of the PVN can be differentially regulated by short- and long-term absence of glucocorticoid negative feedback and also by stress-related excitatory and/or inhibitory neural inputs. The Fos-AVP double labeling findings in the PaMP also indicate a minor participation of these vasopressinergic neurons in the regulation of the HPA axis after ADX.

Asunto(s)

Adrenalectomía/métodos , Neuronas/metabolismo , Neuronas/patología , Oxitocina/biosíntesis , Núcleo Hipotalámico Paraventricular/patología , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-fos/biosíntesis , Estrés Psicológico , Vasopresinas/biosíntesis , Glándulas Suprarrenales/patología , Animales , Conducta Animal , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Perfusión , Ratas , Ratas Wistar

RESUMEN

To characterize the participation of vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT) in hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal regulation after adrenalectomy (ADX), we evaluated corticosterone, ACTH, AVP and OT plasma concentrations and AVP and OT content of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) at different periods (3 h, 1, 3, 7 and 14 days) in sham or ADX rats under basal conditions and after immobilization stress. ADX animals showed undetectable corticosterone levels, while sham animals showed a marked increase in corticosterone and ACTH 3 h after surgery, then lowering to basal control levels. ADX rats showed high basal ACTH levels with a triphasic response without changes after immobilization. After three hours, the ADX group showed higher OT levels than the sham group. OT was increased after immobilization stress in sham and ADX groups. AVP plasma levels did not change throughout the basal or stress studies in either group. There was a decrease in hypothalamic AVP content 1 and 3 days after ADX under basal and stress conditions. Plasma osmolality showed a significant decrease in the ADX group at 3, 7, and 14 days. In conclusion, there are different pituitary-adrenal axis set points after removal of the glucocorticoid negative feedback. The role of vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurons in the ACTH secretion after ADX or immobilization stress appears to differ. Magnocellular AVP is unlikely to contribute to ACTH secretion in response to ADX or immobilization stress. On the other hand, OT is elicited by immobilization stress and might contribute to the ACTH secretion during short-term ADX.

Asunto(s)

Adrenalectomía , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisario/fisiología , Oxitocina/metabolismo , Sistema Hipófiso-Suprarrenal/fisiología , Restricción Física , Vasopresinas/metabolismo , Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To understand better the natural history of ocular toxoplasmosis by reexamining a well-characterized population in Southern Brazil. METHODS: Ophthalmological examination and serologic tests for Toxoplasma gondii infection were performed in 1997 on 383 individuals who had undergone the same evaluation in 1990. RESULTS: Of 109 seronegative subjects in 1990, 21 (19.3%) became seropositive by 1997, and 2 (1.5% of previously seronegative patients; 9.5% of those known to have seroconverted) developed ocular toxoplasmosis. Seroconversion occurred more frequently in individuals under 17 years of age (16 of 46 patients, 34.8%) than in those greater than 17 years of age (5 of 63 patients, 7.9%; p = 0.002). Of 131 seropositive individuals who did not have ocular lesions in 1990, 11 (8.3%) had typical toxoplasmic lesions in 1997. Of the 13 individuals with non-specific hyperpigmented small retinal lesions in 1990, 3 (23%) presented with typical lesions in 1997. CONCLUSIONS: Acquired T. gondii infection can result in late development of ocular lesions. Small, non-specific hyperpigmented retinal lesions may represent sites of T. gondii infection in seropositive individuals.

Asunto(s)

Enfermedades de la Retina/epidemiología , Toxoplasma/inmunología , Toxoplasmosis Ocular/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Animales , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/sangre , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Fondo de Ojo , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Retina/patología , Enfermedades de la Retina/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Retina/parasitología , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Toxoplasmosis Ocular/diagnóstico , Toxoplasmosis Ocular/parasitología

RESUMEN

Realizamos um estudo amostral populacional para melhor conhecer a prevalência de toxoplasmose ocular em Venda Nova do Imigrante, ES e compará-la co a prevalência de lesöes em outras regiöes do Brasil. De 1074 pessoas examinadas , 11.27 por cento foram diagnosticadas como portadoras de toxoplasmose ocular, baseado em achados fundoscópicos. Esta prevalência foi superior à existente nos Estados Unidos (0.6 por cento) e em Säo Paulo (9 por cento), mas inferior à de Erechin, RS (17.7 por cento). Foram encontrados quatro casos familiares (2 famílias com dois irmäos näo gêmeos e 2 famílias com casos de mäes e filhos afetados), sugerindo toxoplasmose adquirida. A acuidade visual foi igual ou inferior a 20/200 em 7 por cento dos olhos com lesöes oculares devido a presença de lesöes maculares.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Coriorretinitis/diagnóstico , Toxoplasmosis Ocular/diagnóstico

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To study the ocular manifestations during the acute phase of leptospirosis and their incidence in hospitalized patients due to systemic complications, and to verify the importance of routine ophthalmologic care in these cases. METHODS: Twenty-one patients, 20 males and 1 female, with clinical and laboratory (ELISA IgM) diagnoses of leptospirosis were subjected to ophthalmologic examination. RESULTS: We observed conjunctival hyperemia in 18 patients (85.7%), increased retinal venous caliber in 12 patients (57.1%), optic disc redness in 12 patients (57.1%), subconjunctival hemorrhage in four patients (19.0%), optic disc edema in one patient (4.8%), retinal vasculitis in one patient (4.8%), retinal hemorrhage in one patient (4.8%), hard exudates in one patient (4.8%), and papillitis in one patient (4.8%). No anterior chamber reaction was found. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a high incidence of several ocular manifestations in the acute phase of leptospirosis. Despite the systemic severity and high incidence of ocular disorders in the acute phase of leptospirosis, the short-term visual outcome of these patients was good.

Asunto(s)

Infecciones Bacterianas del Ojo/microbiología , Enfermedad de Weil/microbiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/análisis , Brasil/epidemiología , Enfermedades de la Conjuntiva/microbiología , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Infecciones Bacterianas del Ojo/epidemiología , Infecciones Bacterianas del Ojo/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperemia/microbiología , Inmunoglobulina M/análisis , Incidencia , Leptospira interrogans/inmunología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Papiledema/microbiología , Enfermedades de la Retina/microbiología , Agudeza Visual , Enfermedad de Weil/epidemiología , Enfermedad de Weil/patología

RESUMEN

The effects of radioiodine (131I) therapy for hyperthyroidism on the ocular process of Graves' disease is controversial. In order to evaluate the outcome of ophthalmopathy after radioiodine therapy for thyrotoxicosis we studied prospectively 30 Graves' hyperthyroid patients, 22 submitted to radioiodine (131I) treatment (group A) and 8 treated with antithyroid drugs (group B). All patients were evaluated by clinical ophthalmologic examination, and ocular proptosis (OP) was measured with both a Hertel exophthalmometer (HE) and computed tomography (CT) before and 4 to 7 months after therapy. No statistical difference was obtained between pre- and post-treatment OP measurements in each eye in either group, and we did not observe worsening in the ophthalmopathy of patients treated with drugs or radioiodine. After therapy, there was an improvement in the clinical signs of ophthalmopathy in 59% of group A and in 37.5% of group B patients. We found a significant correlation between OP measured by HE and by CT. CT findings showed an increase in orbital fat and/or muscle thickening in all patients at baseline, proving to be a useful procedure for ophthalmologic diagnosis in doubtful cases. No patient in either group developed hypothyroidism or elevated TSH levels during the study period; this may explain our good results in the evolution of Graves' ophthalmopathy after treatment with 131I and antithyroid drugs. Euthyroidism seems to be an important factor in the outcome of ophthalmopathy after therapy, whatever the mode of treatment chosen to achieve it.

Asunto(s)

Enfermedad de Graves/radioterapia , Radioisótopos de Yodo/efectos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Exoftalmia/diagnóstico , Femenino , Enfermedad de Graves/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Radioisótopos de Yodo/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oftalmología/instrumentación , Órbita/diagnóstico por imagen , Órbita/patología , Órbita/efectos de la radiación , Estudios Prospectivos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Resultado del Tratamiento

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Animales , Gatos , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Femenino , Embarazo , Toxoplasmosis Ocular , Brasil/epidemiología , Toxoplasmosis Ocular/diagnóstico , Toxoplasmosis Ocular/tratamiento farmacológico , Toxoplasmosis Ocular/epidemiología

RESUMEN

Os autores avaliaram 445 pacientes HIV positivos e identificaram as manifestaçöes oftalmológicas presentes nesses pacientes. OBJETIVO. Identificar e correlacionar as alteraçöes oftalmológicas com dados de literatura, bem como correlacioná-las com as diversas manifestaçöes clínicas presentes na síndrome. MÉTODOS. Foram estudados 445 pacientes ambulatoriais HIV (com 66 por cento e sem 34 por cento AIDS), sendo 87 por cento do sexo masculino e 58,2 por cento homossexuais, no período de um ano, atendidos na Escola Paulista de Medicina, Hospital Säo Paulo. RESULTADOS. Do total de pacientes examinados, 52 por cento apresentaram alteraçöes oculares secundárias à infecçäo pelo HIV ao primeiro exame (27 por cento bilaterais). A retinite por citomegalovírus esteve presente em 25 por cento deles, seguida por toxoplasmose ocular (8,5 por cento), retinite por herpes (3,6 por cento), papiledema (2,2 por cento), atrofia óptica (1,6 por cento), phthisis bulbi (1,5 por cento), coroidite multifocal (1,2 por cento), hemorragia retiniana (0,9 por cento), uveíte por sífilis (0,6 por cento) e oclusäo da veia central da retina (0,2 por cento). CONCLUSAO. Nossos dados estäo de acordo com a literatura mundial, com exceçäo feita à retinocoroidite por toxoplasmose, que mostrou muito maior freqüência em nosso meio, se comparada à da literatura. Pudemos observar, também, uma alta taxa de descolamento de retina secundário à inflamaçäo intra-ocular. Nenhum caso de coroidite por Pneumocystis carinii foi diagnosticado nessa época

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Oftalmopatías/diagnóstico , Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas con el SIDA/diagnóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Oftalmopatías/epidemiología , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/complicaciones

RESUMEN

The authors prospectively evaluated 445 HIV positive patients for the presence of ophthalmological manifestations. PURPOSE--To evaluate patients HIV positive with or without AIDS and correlate the data with the ocular findings mentioned in the literature. METHODS--445 HIV positive patients (66% with AIDS) were evaluated in one year at the Paulista School of Medicine, São Paulo Hospital, Brazil. There was a predominance of males (87%) and homosexuals (58.2%). RESULTS--Of the 445 patients, 52% presented ocular findings secondary to HIV infection at the first examination. The diagnosis included: CMV retinitis (25%), ocular toxoplasmosis (8.5%), herpes retinitis (3.6%), papilledema (2.2%), optic atrophy (1.6%), phthisis bulbi (1.5%), multifocal choroiditis (1.2%), retinal hemorrhages (0.9%), syphilitic uveitis (0.6%) and central vein occlusion (0.2%). CONCLUSION--The incidence of ophthalmic manifestations of AIDS in Brazil is similar to that found in the international literature. We found though a higher incidence of ocular toxoplasmosis than that in other countries. No ocular pneumocystosis was presents in the population evaluated by us.

Asunto(s)

Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas con el SIDA/epidemiología , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/complicaciones , Oftalmopatías/epidemiología , Seropositividad para VIH/complicaciones , Infecciones Oportunistas Relacionadas con el SIDA/complicaciones , Oftalmopatías/complicaciones , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos

RESUMEN

Relato do conhecimento dos autores sobre o primeiro caso diagnosticado na América do Sul

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Queratoconjuntivitis/diagnóstico , Microsporida/inmunología , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/complicaciones , Brasil

Asunto(s)

Uveítis Intermedia/tratamiento farmacológico , Azatioprina/uso terapéutico , Clorambucilo/uso terapéutico , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Metotrexato/uso terapéutico , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

At the Uveitis Clinic of the Department of Ophthalmology of the Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, Brazil, Behçet's disease was diagnosed in 49 patients, representing 2.0% of the total uveitis cases attended during the 16-year period from February 1974 to June 1990. Of these, 71% were men. The age of onset of the disease was between 9 and 61 years, with a mean of 29.6 years. The ethnic distribution was the following: 76% Caucasian, 14% darkly pigmented, 8% Mongoloid and 2% Negroid. HLA-B5 was found in 45.5% of the 11 Caucasian patients typed. In 34.5% of the cases, the ocular attack was the initial manifestation, alone or associated with other symptoms. Oral aphthae were recorded in 98% of the patients, genital ulcers in 55.1%, and skin lesions in 51%. Joint involvement was present in 44.9%, neurologic symptoms were evidenced in 3 patients, and 2 patients had major vascular involvement. The mean interval between the first manifestation of the disease and the onset of ocular involvement was 3.1 years, with a range of 4 months to 14 years. The interval between affections of both eyes ranged from 0 to 2 years; in 38.4% of the cases it occurred within one month. Anterior and posterior segment involvement was seen in 85.7% of the patients. Hypopyon was observed in 34.7% of the cases. Seven patients did not present iridocyclitis at any time in the course of their disease. We did not see any cases with only anterior segment involvement.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Asunto(s)

Síndrome de Behçet/complicaciones , Oftalmopatías/etiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Niño , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Agudeza Visual

RESUMEN

A retrospective analysis of 33 patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH disease) seen in São Paulo, Brazil, from 1976 to 1985 at a uveitis referral clinic revealed that VKH disease represents 2.5% of the total uveitis cases seen. All cases were bilateral, 30% being men and 70% women. The ethnic distribution was the following: 60% white (with variable Indian or black extraction), 24% darkly pigmented, 9% Orientals (Sansei, third-generation Japanese) and 6% black. The frequency among Orientals was 7 times higher than what would be expected according to the relative frequency of Japanese in the Brazilian population. The age distribution at the onset of the disease was as follows: 12% less than 20 years of age, 60% between 20 and 40 years of age and 27% over 40 years of age. The disease was classified into 3 types with variable extraocular signs. Type I disease was present in 24% of the patients, type II in 51% and type III disease in 24% of the patients. Cataract was present in 40% of the cases and glaucoma was present in 9%. No correlation was found between sex, age at onset, race, type of extraocular involvement and number of extraocular manifestations in considering either visual status or visual prognosis. All patients were treated with systemic steroids. Most of them also received cytotoxic immunosuppressive agents. In this uncontrolled clinical study cytotoxic drug-treated patients seemed to have a better clinical course.

Asunto(s)

Uveítis/epidemiología , Síndrome Uveomeningoencefálico/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Brasil , Catarata/diagnóstico , Niño , Etnicidad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Uveítis Anterior/diagnóstico

RESUMEN

A imunidade celular, atraves da hipersensibilidade cutanea tardia a candidina, PPD toxoplasmina e varidase foi avaliada em 100 uveiticos (50 casos de toxoplasmose ocular e 50 casos de outras uveites assim discriminados: 10 ciclites cronicas, 10 irido-ciclites nao granulomatosas cronicas ou recidivantes, 7 tuberculoses oculares, 6 sindromes de Behcet, 5 ciclites de Fuchs 3 irido-ciclites granulomatosas, 3 uveites difusas, 2 vasculites inespecificas,2 sindromes de Vogt-Koyanagui-Harada, 1 sifilis e 1 hanseniase tuberculoide). As respostas aos diferentes antigenos foram semelhantes no grupo da toxoplasmose ocular e outras uveites, nao se comprovando existencia de deficiencia imunologica. Mais ainda, nao se evidenciou na toxoplasmose ocular nenhuma evidencia de imunodeficiencia imunologica inespecifica ou especifica que indicasse tratamento desses pacientes com imunoestimulantes. Alguns pacientes com toxoplasmose ocular mostraram, hipersensibilidade a toxoplasmina quando comparados as outras uveites (p<0,005)

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Hipersensibilidad Tardía , Inmunidad Celular , Pruebas Cutáneas , Toxoplasmosis Ocular , Uveítis

RESUMEN

Os autores apresentam os resultados obtidos em 39 olhos com catarata secundaria a uveite, que foram operados via pars plana, usando a tecnica de Girard de facofragmentacao. Foram observados os seguintes resultados. l. Resultados anatomicos: bons, sem casos de persistencia de opacidade cristalinianas ou vitreas. 2. Resultados visuais: dependeram da presenca de alteracoes previas tais como lesoes de retina e nervo optico. Nao foram observados, em nenhu,m caso, inflamacao grave, recurrencia de toxoplasmose ocular, nem exarcebacao da uveite. Foram observadas as seguintes complicacoes: - edema cistico de macula: frequente. - hipopio esteril: um caso que melhorou com o uso de esteroides. - descolamento de retina: um caso operado com sucesso. - lesao de retina causada pelo ultrasom: um caso

Asunto(s)

Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Humanos , Catarata , Ultrasonido , Uveítis

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Corticoesteroides , Oftalmopatías