RESUMEN
All 250 children presenting with diarrhoea at 2 teaching hospitals in Mosul, Iraq over a 9-month period were studied for the presence of Yersinia spp. in stools by cold-enrichment culture at 4 degrees C for 21 days. Pathogenicity of the isolated Yersinia was determined. Antibodies to Y. enterocolitica were raised for rapid Yersinia detection in the stool. Yersinia spp. were isolated from the stools of only 4 patients; 3 isolates were identified as Y. enterocolitica and 1 was Y. pseudotuberculosis. The blood culture was also positive for Y. enterocolitica in 1 case. The antibiogram test for the isolated Yersinia was determined. Cross-reaction between Y. pseudotuberculosis and Salmonella typhi or S. paratyphi B, and between Y. enterocolitica and Brucella was detected serologically.
Asunto(s)
Diarrea/microbiología , Yersiniosis/complicaciones , Yersiniosis/microbiología , Yersinia enterocolitica/aislamiento & purificación , Yersinia pseudotuberculosis/aislamiento & purificación , Pruebas de Aglutinación , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Causalidad , Niño , Preescolar , Diarrea/epidemiología , Heces/microbiología , Femenino , Hospitales de Enseñanza , Humanos , Incidencia , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Irak/epidemiología , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Serotipificación , Yersiniosis/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
All 250 children presenting with diarrhoea at 2 teaching hospitals in Mosul, Iraq over a 9-month period were studied for the presence of Yersinia spp. in stools by cold-enrichment culture at 4 [0]C for 21 days. Pathogenicity of the isolated Yersinia was determined. Antibodies to Y. enterocolitica were raised for rapid Yersinia detection in the stool. Yersinia spp. were isolated from the stools of only 4 patients; 3 isolates were identified as Y. enterocolitica and 1 was Y. pseudotuberculosis. The blood culture was also positive for Y. enterocolitica in 1 case. The antibiogram test for the isolated Yersinia was determined. Cross-reaction between Y. pseudotuberculosis and Salmonella typhi or S. paratyphi B, and between Y. enterocolitica and Brucella was detected serologically
Asunto(s)
Yersinia , Heces , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , DiarreaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To survey the infection control procedures used by dental practitioners in Khartoum, Sudan. METHODS: Questionnaires were distributed to150 randomly sampled dentists practising in Khartoum state. Each questionnaire comprised 17 questions about basic infection control procedures. RESULTS: A 100% response rate to the questionnaire showed that 92% of dentists routinely wore gloves when treating patients, 50% face masks, 61% a gown and 14.7% protective eye wear. Furthermore 52% of the practitioners had been immunised against Hepatitis B. The majority of practitioners (72%) used dry heat as their method of instrument sterilisation, 22% used an autoclave, 2% used boiling water and the remainder used chemical sterilisation. Safe disposal of clinical waste was undertaken by only 23% of dentists although 47% of practitioners stored sharp items in closed containers. All respondents used disposable dental needles, but only a few used other disposable items. There was a significant difference in the implementation of cross infection control procedures between salaried and private dental practitioners, especially with regard to handpiece sterilisation, use of disposables, the wearing of face masks and the availability of additional sets of instruments. CONCLUSION: There is a clear need to improve the existing situation particularly with regard to immunisation of dentists against Hepatitis B, the safe disposal of clinical waste and instrument sterilisation in Khartoum.
Asunto(s)
Control de Infección Dental , Pautas de la Práctica en Odontología , Infección Hospitalaria/prevención & control , Instrumentos Dentales , Residuos Dentales , Desinfectantes/uso terapéutico , Equipos Desechables , Dispositivos de Protección de los Ojos , Guantes Quirúrgicos , Vacunas contra Hepatitis B , Humanos , Máscaras , Eliminación de Residuos Sanitarios , Agujas , Práctica Privada , Ropa de Protección , Odontología en Salud Pública , Esterilización/métodos , Sudán , VacunaciónRESUMEN
A panel of eight tests was used to study 200 cases of acute brucellosis, 200 patients negative for brucella as a control group and 200 apparently healthy individuals as a second control group. The best diagnostic test was the rose Bengal test using an imported reagent (BioMérieux, France) and 2 local reagents. This test was improved from being a screening test to be a titrable one. The best two tests used together were the tube agglutination test with Coomb-like test. The indirect fluorescent antibody test had no advantages over the use of other tests. The 2-mercaptoethanol test and C-reactive protein test were useful in checking the brucellosis activity. Normal numbers of E-rosette forming cells and inefficient neutrophils in phagocytosis were found in peripheral blood during acute brucellosis.
Asunto(s)
Pruebas de Aglutinación/métodos , Brucelosis/sangre , Brucelosis/diagnóstico , Prueba de Coombs/métodos , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente Indirecta/métodos , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Pruebas de Aglutinación/normas , Brucelosis/inmunología , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Prueba de Coombs/normas , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente Indirecta/normas , Humanos , Inmunidad Celular/inmunología , Recuento de Leucocitos , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Tamizaje Masivo/normas , Mercaptoetanol , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neutrófilos/inmunología , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Linfocitos T/inmunologíaRESUMEN
A panel of eight tests was used to study 200 cases of acute brucellosis, 200 patients negative for brucella as a control group and 200 apparently healthy individuals as a second control group. The best diagnostic test was the rose Bengal test using an imported reagent [BioM‚rieux, France] and 2 local reagents. This test was improved from being a screening test to be a titrable one. The best two tests used together were the tube agglutination test with Coomb-like test. The indirect fluorescent antibody test had no advantages over the use of other tests. The 2-mercaptoethanol test and C-reactive protein test were useful in checking the brucellosis activity. Normal numbers of E-rosette forming cells and inefficient neutrophils in phagocytosis were found in peripheral blood during acute brucellosis