RESUMEN
Experimentally achieving the first-ever electric field periodic poling of single crystal barium titanate oxide (BTO, or BaTiO3) thin film on-insulator is reported. Owing to the outstanding optical nonlinearities of BTO, this result is a key step toward achieving quasi-phase-matching (QPM). First, the BTO thin film is grown on a dysprosium scandate substrate using pulsed laser deposition with a thin layer of strontium ruthenate later serving as the bottom electrode for poling. The characterization of the BTO thin film using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and piezo-response force microscopy to demonstrate single crystal, single domain growth of the film that enables the desired periodic poling, are presented. To investigate the poling quality, both non-destructive piezo force response microscopy and destructive etching-assisted scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are applied, and it is shown that high quality, uniform, and intransient poling with 50% duty cycle and periods ranging from 2 µm to 10 µm is achieved. The successful realization of periodic poling in BTO thin film unlocks the potential for highly efficient nonlinear processes under QPM that seemed far-fetched with prior polycrystalline BTO thin films which predominantly relied on efficiency-limited random or non-phase matching conditions and is a key step toward integration of BTO photonic devices.
RESUMEN
We present an erratum to our Letter [Opt. Lett.46, 1486 (2021)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.418085]. This erratum corrects an inadvertent error in defining the electric field and a typographical error in Eq. (5). The corrections have no influence on the results and conclusions of the original Letter.
RESUMEN
This publisher's note contains corrections to Opt. Lett.46, 1486 (2021)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.418085.
RESUMEN
A comprehensive study of two simultaneous three wave mixing processes, a second harmonic generation followed by difference frequency generation, under nonlinear stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is presented. An input pump is up-converted to its second harmonic, which then gets down-converted to a signal and idler pair with frequencies lying very close to the input pump in such a manner that complete conversion from the pump to the signal and idler takes place without exciting the second harmonic under counterintuitive adiabatic passage. This process involves nonlinear STIRAP with a nonlinear dark state similar to atomic population transfers, and we bring an analogy from atomic systems to our nonlinear dynamics to linearize the problem and analytically obtain the adiabaticity condition required for complete conversion. We also show that the nonlinear STIRAP mechanism results in a large bandwidth of about 380 nm with almost complete conversion of the pump to the signal and idler.
RESUMEN
In this paper, we analyze second-harmonic (SH) generation and sum-frequency (SF) generation in a planar waveguide configuration using 2D quasi-phase-matching (QPM) gratings and show possibility of simultaneous generation of sum frequency and second harmonic. It is shown that it is possible for the two generated frequencies to be noncollinear with respect to the incident pump waves with the SF and SH frequencies exiting at different angles along the planar waveguide, leading to ease of collection. Numerical simulations are performed in a potassium titanyl phosphate planar waveguide, and it is shown that the proposed planar waveguide configuration provides wavelength tunability and has greater conversion efficiencies than bulk configuration and larger bandwidth than channel waveguide configuration.