RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to estimate the long-term (month-to-month) between-dog, within-dog and analytical components of variance for fasting plasma glucose and serum fructosamine in healthy dogs to assess the usefulness of a single measurement of these analytes in a single dog. Fasting plasma glucose and serum fructosamine were measured in blood samples collected every month for 9 months from 23 clinically healthy dogs, and the results were subjected to nested analysis of variance. The between-dog variation, the within-dog variation, and the analytical variation were 3.8%, 9.5% and 3.7%, respectively, for plasma glucose and 4.2%, 11.1% and 2.8%, respectively, for serum fructosamine. The maximum allowable analytical imprecision, analytical inaccuracy and difference between analytical methods were 4.8%, 2.6% and 3.2%, respectively, for plasma glucose and 5.6%, 3.0% and 3.7%, respectively, for serum fructosamine. The index of individuality, 2.7 for both analytes, indicated that the test results from single dogs can be compared usefully to the corresponding population-based reference intervals. The number of samples required to estimate the true individual mean value +/-5% for a single dog was 16 for fasting plasma glucose and 20 for serum fructosamine. The one- and two-sided critical differences expressing the difference needed for two serial results from the same dog to be significantly different at a 5% level was 24% and 28%, respectively, for plasma glucose and 27% and 32%, respectively, for serum fructosamine.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The present study is concerned with the critical difference, which may help to judge whether or not the difference between two consecutive measurements with a certain probability (i.e. 95 percent) may be ascribed to natural variation. Knowledge of the applicability of the critical difference in veterinary medicine is sparse and therefore, to justify future use of the critical difference, it is important to know whether or not the critical difference performs as expected. The hypothesis to be tested in this study was that at least 95 percent of the differences between consecutive measurements, that have been obtained in animals where the component measured is known to be unchanged, should be within the critical difference. From previous studies it was known that a low-sodium diet had no influence on the plasma potassium concentration. The critical difference of the plasma potassium concentration in dogs was calculated as 0.5 mmol/l. using weekly measurements of this plasma component in a group of twenty healthy dogs. To test the hypothesis, this value was compared to the differences between consecutive weekly measurements of this plasma component in another group of eight dogs fed a low-sodium diet for five weeks. In agreement with previous studies, the plasma potassium concentration in the eight dogs did not change significantly during the feeding experiment. Of the fourty differences between consecutive weekly measurements, thirty-six were within the critical difference. This number was not different from the number expected from the hypothesis and thus, the critical difference performed as expected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Growth hormone (GH) has recently been shown to affect polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocyte (PMN) function and to be secreted by mononuclear cells, indicating that the hormone may be active in an immunophysiologic network, acting as an endo- or paracrine priming agent. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the chemotactic responsiveness of canine peripheral PMN in a dog with acromegaly, caused by spontaneous, progesterone-induced hypersecretion of GH and, secondary to this, a seven-fold increase in insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). The chemotactic responsiveness towards zymosan-activated serum (ZAS) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) was evaluated at a time when the dog suffered from acromegaly and again 57 days after corrective surgery (ovariohysterectomy). The experiments showed that PMN from the patient exhibited enhanced chemotactic migration that appeared to be associated with the hypersomatotropic condition as judged from the reversibility of the phenomenon. The glucose intolerance and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase that were observed in the acromegalic dog were also shown to be reversible following surgery.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

ETH615 (4-[2-quinolylmethoxy]-N-[3-fluorobenzyl]-phenylaminometh yl-4-benzoic acid) is a potent inhibitor of leukotriene biosynthesis in A23187-stimulated leukocytes, and of IL-8 gene expression in LPS-stimulated PBMC. It shows anti-inflammatory activity in a canine model of dermal inflammation. A topical formulation is present in phase II clinical trials. In the present study the effect of ETH615 on oxazolone-induced acute inflammation and phorbol ester-induced chronic inflammation in the mouse ear was investigated. Betamethasone (0.04 mg/ear) and ETH615 (1-1.5 mg/ear) significantly inhibited both the oedema formation and the PMN infiltration. The cream and ointment formulations of ETH615 developed for clinical studies were equally active. ETH615 is thus an anti-inflammatory agent in these murine models of dermatosis.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The study concerned the critical difference which may help to judge whether the difference between two consecutive analytical results may be safely ascribed to natural variation or not. To calculate the critical difference of nine canine clinical chemical parameters, blood samples from 20 apparently clinically healthy dogs were collected once weekly for five consecutive weeks. For each of the nine clinical chemical parameters, the total variance of the analytical results was divided into the component of variance between dogs (S2Inter), the component of variance for weeks within dogs (S2Intra) and the component of variance for measurements (S2Anal) using nested analysis of variance. The critical difference was then calculated from S2Intra and S2Anal as 0.22 mu kat litre-1 for alanine aminotransferase, 0.20 mu kat litre-1 for aspartate aminotransferase, 0.34 mu kat litre-1 for alkaline phosphatase, 2.36 mmol litre-1 for urea, 35 mumol litre-1 for creatinine, 2.8 g litre-1 for albumin, 6.3 g litre-2 for serum proteinTotal, 1.49 mmol litre-1 for glucose and 0.84 mmol litre-1 for cholesterolTotal. These critical differences may be used as guidelines to evaluate the difference between two consecutive analytical results of the above parameters. However, the analytical results should not be assessed by the critical differences alone, but should also be compared to the corresponding reference intervals.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The purposes of the study were to obtain a reference interval and to calculate the critical difference between two analytical results for canine serum fructosamine concentration. To obtain a reference interval, the serum fructosamine concentration was measured in blood samples from 29 adult dogs after a 15-h fasting period. To calculate the critical difference, blood samples from 20 apparently clinically healthy dogs were collected once weekly for five consecutive weeks, and the total variance of the analytical results was divided into the component of variance between dogs (S2inter), the component of variance for weeks within dogs (S2intra) and the component of variance for measurements (S2anal), using nested analysis of variance. The critical difference was then calculated from S2intra and S2anal. The main conclusions are in summary: The reference interval for canine serum fructosamine concentration is 258.6-343.8 mumol/L, and the critical difference between two consecutive measurements on a week-to-week basis is 32.4 mumol/L. The critical difference may be used as a guideline to indicate potentially important changes in the serum fructosamine concentration, though the analytical results should not be assessed by the critical differences alone, but should also be compared to the corresponding reference intervals.

Asunto(s)

Asunto(s)