RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In Chile, gastric cancer (GC) is a major cause of cancer related deaths. The current screening strategy consists of an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) for people aged 40 years or more with epigastric pain. AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic coverage of the use of UGE for early detection of GC in Chile. MATERIAL AND METHODS: As part of the digestive module of the 2009-10 National Health Survey, 5293 adults over 15 years were asked about the presence of epigastric pain, possible upper gastrointestinal bleeding (PUGB), use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or histamine H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs), family history of GC and having performed an UGE. RESULTS: Persistent epigastric pain was observed in 3.4% of the population. PUGB signs were observed in 3.3% of the population. The prevalence of PPIs and H2RAs use was 4.3% and 2.2% respectively, reaching 21.6% in people aged 70 years and older. Life span prevalence of UGE was 18.3%, with differences by region, health insurance and educational level. UGE coverage in people aged 40 years or older with and without persistent epigastric pain was 14.4% and 3.2% respectively (Odds ratio 4.8, p < 0.01). The prevalence of UGE was similar among people with or without PUGB or family history of CG. CONCLUSIONS: The estimated coverage of the current GC prevention strategy in Chile is 14.4%, evaluated at a population level. Further studies are required to determine the impact of this strategy on early GC diagnosis and mortality.
Asunto(s)
Endoscopía Gastrointestinal/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas Epidemiológicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Tamizaje Masivo/estadística & datos numéricos , Neoplasias Gástricas/prevención & control , Dolor Abdominal/tratamiento farmacológico , Dolor Abdominal/epidemiología , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Chile/epidemiología , Escolaridad , Endoscopía Gastrointestinal/métodos , Femenino , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/tratamiento farmacológico , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/epidemiología , Antagonistas de los Receptores H2 de la Histamina/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Masculino , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Análisis Multivariante , Prevalencia , Inhibidores de la Bomba de Protones/uso terapéutico , Características de la Residencia/estadística & datos numéricos , Distribución por Sexo , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Background: In Chile, gastric cancer (GC) is a major cause of cancer related deaths. The current screening strategy consists of an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE) for people aged 40 years or more with epigastric pain. Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic coverage of the use of UGE for early detection of GC in Chile. Material and Methods: As part of the digestive module of the 2009-10 National Health Survey, 5293 adults over 15 years were asked about the presence of epigastric pain, possible upper gastrointestinal bleeding (PUGB), use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or histamine H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs), family history of GC and having performed an UGE. Results: Persistent epigastric pain was observed in 3.4% of the population. PUGB signs were observed in 3.3% of the population. The prevalence of PPIs and H2RAs use was 4.3% and 2.2% respectively, reaching 21.6% in people aged 70 years and older. Life span prevalence of UGE was 18.3%, with differences by region, health insurance and educational level. UGE coverage in people aged 40 years or older with and without persistent epigastric pain was 14.4% and 3.2% respectively (Odds ratio 4.8, p < 0.01). The prevalence of UGE was similar among people with or without PUGB or family history of CG. Conclusions: The estimated coverage of the current GC prevention strategy in Chile is 14.4%, evaluated at a population level. Further studies are required to determine the impact of this strategy on early GC diagnosis and mortality.